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Rookwool - Product Information - Paul Fowler
SECTION 5 - PRODUCT INFORMATION
ROOKWOOL
Rockwool is a naturally occurring material, and is formed when erupting volcanoes spray hot lava which cools into thin strands. In Hawaii it is used in the orchards, and is known locally as ‘Pele’s hair’.

Industrial Rockwool was first created in 1865, but only in a crude form. It was later developed in the 1970’s by European growers for horticultural use.

Horticultural Rockwool is made by combining volcanic rock, limestone and coke and heating it to very high temperatures in a rotating drum which has small holes in it. When the material becomes molten it shoots out of the holes to form hair like strands. These strands are allowed to cool down and are coated with a resin, to make them inert and sterile and then pressed vertically into blocks.

Building or insulation Rockwool is not suitable for horticultural use because it is too dense and does not contain a wetting agent. It may also be made from low grade rock (or even slag) and will not be sterile.

ADVANTAGES
  • The main advantage of Rockwool is that it holds more air and water than any other rooting or growing medium, with over 90% of the block being empty space. This means that with the right water to air ratio in the block the seedling/cutting will have easy access to both water, nutrients and oxygen. The vertical fibres also make it easier for the roots to penetrate downwards.

  • It is inert and sterile, and therefore does not react with the nutrient solution etc.

  • Transplanting from a small block into a large block is relatively stress free for the seedling/cutting.
  • It is easy to work with and cost effective.

DISADVANTAGES.

  • Dry Rockwool can irritate the skin due to its abrasive nature and if dealing with large quantities a face mask and goggles should be worn.

  • Moist Rockwool attracts algae. This is not a problem in itself, but the algae can attract bacteria, viruses etc which can be a problem. Another problem can be pests like fungus gnats which live off dead algae.

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Rockwool can usually be purchased in the following forms:

rookwoolSBS BLOCKS


These arc square cubes with insertion holes. Seeds/cuttings are started in the smaller blocks and then transferred into the larger blocks.
Small cubes usually come in 1/2” and 1” sizes and the large cubes in 3”, 4” and 5” sizes with either 1/2” or 1” holes to put the small blocks in.

WRAPPED SLABS

These large, individual slabs are for those who wish to cut their own cubes to size. They can also be used as a growing medium. They come in various sizes depending on manufacturer, usually individually wrapped.

GRANULAR MIX

Pieces of water repellent and water absorbent Rockwool are combined together to form a medium that will create the right water to air ratio for some plants. Special granular mix can be purchased especially for orchids. Granular mix is usually sold in bags in sizes of 10, 50 and 100 litres.

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PREPARING ROCKWOOL BLOCKS.

Before putting a seed or a cutting into a Rockwool block, the Rockwool block can first be prepared in the following way:

  • Make up a mild nutrient solution (half strength grow or a specific solution for young plants).

  • If you have the materials to check and adjust the pH level then do so to a slightly acidic level of around 5.8.

  • Soak the Rockwool cube.

  • Squeeze to drain off any excess.

  • Leave for 24 hours before planting the seed or cutting.
Although small Rockwool blocks have the pilot hole in the centre some gardeners make a separate hole closer to the edge to make it easier for oxygen to reach the roots.

rookwool

<< Section 4 - Propagation boxSection 5 - Other rooting mediums >>